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In this art? Ass going to give a definition? N biol diversity? GICA, analyze the distribution? N of biodiversity with three examples of South? Africa, Brazil and Madagascar before commenting on the human benefits. The t? Rmin was first used by the scientist? Traffic and wildlife conservationist Raymond F. Dasmann in a book advocating the conservation? N the naturaleza.Definici? NThe Biodiversity is the variation? N of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of systems biol? Gicos. Biodiversity found on Earth today in d? To be composed of many millions of different biologicalspecies. The year you 2010 has been declared as A, or International Biodiversity. Biodiversity is not evenly distributed on Earth, but is always rich in tr? Peaks and in certain localized regions, such as provincial flower? Stica del Cabo, is less rich in the polar regions, where fewer species are found. r environmental changes? rapids often cause extinctions. Of all the species that have existed on Earth, 99. 9 percent have become extinct. Since it started? life on Earth, five major mass extinctions have resulted in large cannon and sudden das biodiversity especies.El e? n Phanerozoic (the? last 540 million of years) marc? a r? ask biol growing diversity? logical innovation in theCambrian explosion? n a per? period during which nearly every phylum of multicellular organisms first appeared. The following 400 million of years was honored by the p? Losses peri? Tips and massive biodiversity events classified as dying out? N mass. The m? S recent event of dying out? N theCretaceous-Tertiary which occurred? 65 million of years, and has attracted? do m? s attention? n all dem? s, since sea? the dinosaurios.Hoy in d? to there growing concern that the per n? period elapsed since the Aparici? No human is part of a reduced registration bulk of biodiversity, the extinction? n Holocene caused primarily by the impact humans have on the environment, including destruction? n and animalhabitats plant. Adem? S, the pr? Have caused human Internships p? Gene loss of biodiversity? Policy. The importance of diversity biol? Nated to human health is est? becoming a major international problem, as evidenced by percent? Chart is included in the global health implications of the p? loss of biodiversidad.Los bi? logos m? sa biodiversity is often defined as “the totality of genes, species and ecosystems of a region? n “. An advantage of this definition? N is that seems to describe more? A case and present a unified image of the traditional three levels at which the variety has been biol? GICA identified: 1) the diversity of species 2) the diversity ecosystem and 3) the gene diversity? policy. But Professor Anthony Campbell at the University of Cardiff, United Kingdom and the Darwin Centre, Pembrokeshire, has defined a room, and a cr? Mathematics: molecularDistribuci diversity? NHowever, biodiversity is not evenly distributed on Earth. Is always m? S rich in tr? Peaks and in other localized regions such as the provincial flower? Acoustic Cape – please see an example below. As one approaches the polar regions one generally finds fewer species. diversity of flora and fauna depends on climate, altitude, soils and the presence of other species. In the year or 2006 a large n? Number of species on Earth were orthreatened formally classified as rare or endangered species and, in addition? S, many hundreds? Scientists have estimated that there are m? S millions of species in danger of dying ? No actually that? n reconocidas.Alrededor have not been officially 40 percent of the 40,177 species assessed using the criteria of the IUCN Red List, is now listed as species in danger of dying? n – a total of 16,119 species. Although decreases biodiversity from Ecuador to the poles in the terrestrial ecoregions, if this is as? ecosystem-minted is ticos? No one hip? thesis to prove, especially in marine ecosystems, where the causes of this phenomena? phenomenon are not clear. Please see Dr. Simon Harding art? Ass on marine life, the formation? N the oc? Years and tr networks? Specified tasks within the sea. Adem? S, particularly in marine ecosystems, there are several cases it was? To? that diversity in latitudes m? s high actually increases. Therefore, the lack of information? N on the biodiversity of tr? Peak and prevents the polar regions cient conclusions? Ficas on the distribution? N of biodiversity minted policy of mundo.Vamos now consider three examples of biol diversity? logic: An example of the Cape Province Flor? acoustic? Location? ny description? nThe region? n covers the region? n Mediterr climate? southern neo? Africa in the Western Cape in the southwest corner of pa? s and extends eastward into the Eastern Cape, an area of transition? n between the region? No winter rainfall to the west and the region? n summer rainfall to the east, in KwaZulu-Natal. Most of the region? N est? covered with fynbos, thicket sclera? edge that occur in arenas? acid or nutrient-poor soils derived from the mountain of sandstone Bureau (Cape Supergroup). Fynbos is home to an amazing diversity of plant species including many members of the Protea family (Proteaceae), Heath family (Ericaceae) and the Reed family of Restitution (Restionaceae). Other types of vegetation? N are strandveld, a soft coastal scrubland found mostly in the west-facing coast of the Western Cape, arenas terciario.Renosterveld in a clump of grass is dominated by members of the family daisy (Asteraceae – renosterbos particular, gram? lines and ge? epiphytic, occurring in rich soil base shaley the coastal forelands pockets small Afromontane forest you can find areas moist and protected .. Example Two – Forest Atl? ntico of BrasilBosque Atl? ntico of Brazil is considered a biodiversity hotspot and contains about 20,000 species of plants, vertebrates 1350, and millions of insects, nearly half of which occur nowhere else the world.The Forest Atl? ntico (in portugu? s: “Mata Atl? ntica”) is a region? forest n h? medo tropical and subtropical dry forest, tropical savannah and mangrove forests which extends atl along the coast? ntica Brazil’s Rio Grande do Norte, north of R? Grande do Sulstate in the south, and inland to Paraguay and the Province of Misiones, Argentina.La region? n Atl Forest ? ntico forest includes several variations. 1) The coastal levees are low forests that grow in coastal dunes stabilized. 2) The coastal forests, also? N forest known as h? Medes of Atl? Ntico, tropical forests are evergreen with the structures. 3) forest interior are inside, too? No forests known as Atl? Ntico semideciduous, where many? Trees shed their leaves for the station? N dry. 4) Inside are the dry forests of Atl? Ntico, forming a transition? N between? Rido northeastern Caatinga and Cerrado savannas to the east. 5) Forests h? Medes montane occur in the Serra do Mar and on the mountains and plateaus in the south as Brazil and are home to Araucaria and “evergreen trees of the laurel (Lauraceae) and myrtle family (Myrtaceae) . 6) savannah shrub of mountains to occur at elevations m? S high. El Bosque Atl? Ntico is unusual in that it spreads like a true tropical rainforest to latitudes as high as 24? S. This is because the trade winds produce precipitation throughout the southern winter. In fact, the northern Zona da Mata in northeastern Brazil receives much more precipitation? S between May and August during the austral summer. Dunes Park R, or Grande do Norte is one of the largest units of conservation? N atl forest? Init.d Brazil. El Bosque Atl? Ntico is now designated as a Biosphere Reserve, which contains a large n? Number of species in danger of dying? N as the tit? S tamarins acquaintance? N. Although there have been cleansed from? Colonial times, mainly for the cultivation of cannon to the az? Car and urban settlements. The remainder is estimated at less than 10% of the original and is often divided into islands colina.Ejemplo Three top of the island of Madagascar Madagascar, including the? Unique Madagascar dry deciduous forests and woodlands h? Medes have lowland a proportion? n very high species endemism and biodiversity, since the island separated from the mainland? Africa 65 million years, you most? to species and ecosystems have evolved independently producing species? techniques different from those of other parts? Africa. Madagascar’s long isolation from neighboring continents has resulted in a mixture? unique plants and animals, many found nowhere else in the world, some ecologists refer to Madagascar as the “eighth continent.” Of the 10,000 plants native to Madagascar, 90% are in ning? No other place in the world. varied fauna and flora of Madagascar est? n in danger of dying? n by human activity, as a third of its vegetation? No native has gone from the d? each of 1970, ys? as 18% remains intact. Since the arrival of humans makes 2000 years, Madagascar has lost m? S 90% of its forest original.Los p? Elephant birds, which were giant ratites native to Madagascar, have become extinct since at least the century 17. Aepyornis was p? Jaro m? S largest in the world, believed to have been m? S of 3 meters (10 feet) high. Most? To the l? Mures est? N in danger of dying? Not threatened. Many species have become extinct in? Last centuries, mainly due to the destruction? N the h? Habitat and hunting. The eastern side or windward side of the island is home to rainforests, while the west and south sides, which are in the rain shadow of the central highlands, are home to tropical dry forests, thorn forests , and deserts and scrub x? rich. Madagascar dry deciduous tropical forest has been maintained in general, better than the eastern rainforests or the high central plateau, probably due to population density? n hist? richly low. Madagascar has several parks nacionales.Humanos biodiversidadLa benefits of biodiversity also? N is compatible with a number of natural ecosystem processes and services. Some ecosystem services that benefit society are air quality, climate (both global CO2 sequestration and local), the purification? No water, pollination, use, and Prevention? N of the erosive? n. From the stone age, the p? Loss of species has accelerated over the type geol? Cal for the activity rate humana.La dying out? No species It’s difficult to estimate, but it is estimated that the species est? n lost at a rate of approximately 100 times more? sr? ask is t? peak geol register? cal, or perhaps as high as 10 000 times more? sr? ask. To feed a population? Big n, m? S land est? transforming desert wildlife in agriculture, miner? a, exploitation? n forest and urban areas for humans. Among the non-material benefits obtained from ecosystems are the spiritual values and est? Ticos, knowledge systems and the value of Education? N.AgriculturaEl economic value? Monkey reserve gene traits? Ticos present in wild and traditionally cultivated local varieties is very important to improve crop yields. important crops such as potatoes and coffee?, are often derived from s? the few strains gene? policies. The improvements in crop plants? 250 to last years have been largely due to the use of gene diversity? Policy present in wild plants and sun? Wrap. Crossed with strains of different character crops? LINE FANTASY has proved beneficial in m? S double the production? N agr-tail in? Last 50 years as a result of the Revolution? N Green. For m? S information? N agriculture please see the art? Ass of introduction n Dr. Simon Harding in this serie.La also crop diversity? No need to help recover the system when the type dominant culture is attacked by disease. We can see three examples of this: 1) The tiz? No Irish potato, 1846, which was an important factor in the death of a mill? N people and Migrating? No one mill, use, was the result of the plantation? n of two potato varieties, which were vulnerable. 2) When the rice dwarf virus scourge? rice fields of Indonesia to India in the d? each of 1970, 6,273 varieties were tested for resistance. One of them was found to be resistant to an Indian variety known to science s? It since 1966. This variety is a hybrid with other varieties and is widely cultivated. 3) The coffee rust? atac? coffee plantations? in Sri Lanka, Brazil and Am? Central America in 1970. A resistant strain was found? in Ethiopian? a. Although s disease? are a form of diversity biol? gica.El monoculture, the lack of diversity biol? GICA was a contributing factor to various disasters agr? lines in history, the collapse of the European wine industry in late 1800, U.S. and southern leaf ma? z Tiz epidemic? n 1970. Higher biodiversity also? N controls the propagation? N of certain diseases such as skate antigens will have? N to adapt to infect different species. Biodiversity provides food for humans. Although 80 percent of our food supply comes from s? The 20 types of plants such as rice and wheat, humans use at least 40,000 species of plants and animals by d? A. Many people around the world depend on these species for FOOD? N, shelter and ropa.Existe untapped potential to increase the range of food products unfit for human consumption, a condition? N that the high rate of dying out? N current health may be detenido.La humanaLa biol importance of diversity? nated to human health is est? becoming an important issue pol? international tico cient proof? Chart is based on the global health implications of the p? loss of biodiversity. This problem est? closely linked to the issue of climate change? tico, since many of the expected health risks of climate change? tico est? n associated with changes in biodiversity (eg, changes in populations and distribution? n vector disease, lack of fresh water, impacts on biodiversity agr-tail and food resources, etc..) Some of the health issues influenced by the diversity biol? GICA include food safety and nutrition, infectious disease, science m? cialty and medicinal resources, health and social psych? logical. Biodiversity is also? N known to have an important role in the reduction? Of risk of disasters and relief after? S disaster and the efforts of recovery? N. One of the major health problems related to biodiversity is the discovery of f? Psychotropes and availability of resources medicinales.Una proportion? No significant drug, resulting directly or indirectly, biol sources? Gicas, Chivian and Bernstein’s report that at least 50% of the compounds pharmacist in the U.S. market are derived from natural compounds found in plants, animals and microorganisms, while about 80% of the population? No drug dependent world of nature (used in the pr? PRACTICE m? indicates whether modern or traditional) for attention ? No primary health care. Moreover, s? As a small-proportion? N of the total diversity of wild species has been investigated for possible sources of new f? Psychotropes. Please see the art? Ass of introduction n Dr. Simon Harding in the bot? Unique in this series for me? S information? N.Se has argued, based on an evidence? Market analysis and science of biodiversity, the decrease /? n of the production? No sector pharmacist since the mid-d? each of 1980 can be attributed to a departure from the exploration? n natural products (“bioprospecci? n”) for R & D programs based on the gene? mica and the qu? s mica parentheses, none of which yielded the expected results of the product, meanwhile, there is evidence that what? mica natural products can serve basis for INNOVATION? n which can yield important economic benefits? monkeys and health. Marine ecosystems are of particular interest? Sa this regard, however bioprospecci unregulated and inappropriate? N can be considered a form of over-exploitation? N that has the potential to degrade ecosystems and p? Increasing loss of biodiversity, as ? as an impact on the rights of communities and states where the resources are tienen.Comercio and IndustriaUna wide range of industrial materials are derived directly from the resources biol? gicos. These include building materials, use, fibers, dyes, and oil resirubber. There is enormous potential for future research in a sustainable manner UTILIZATION? No material of a greater diversity of organisms. Adem? S, biodiversity and the goods and services it provides are considered essential to the health of the economic system? Micos.El extent to which diversity biol? GICA var supports companies? To between regions and economic sectors? Monkeys however the importance of diversity biol? GICA security issues of resources (water quantity and quality of paper, wood and fiber, food and medicinal resources, etc) are becoming m? s recognized as universal. As a result, the p? Loss of biodiversity is increasingly m? S recognized as a significant risk factor in the development business and a threat to the sustainability econ? Mica long term. A n? Number of case studies developed recently by the World Resources Institute show some of these industries risks identified by spec? Ficas.Otros ecological services? GicosLa Biodiversity provides many ecosystem services that are not usually f? Easily visible. Play? A role in the regulation? N qu? Mica of our atm? Sfera and provision of biodiversity agua.La est? directly involved in purification? No water, nutrient cycling and soil provide f? rTIL. Experiments with controlled environments have shown that humans can not build f? Easily ecosystems to support human needs, for example, pollination? No insect can not be imitated by the construction? No man, and that the activity s? it represents tens of billions of d? dollars in ecosystem services at a? or humanity. The stability of ecosystems also? N est? related to biodiversity, with more diversity biol? GICA produces greater stability over time, reducing the possibility that ecosystem services are seeing? affected as a result of disturbances such as fen? less WEATHER? gicos ends or the operation? n humana.Ocio and Leisure, cultural value and est? ticoMuchas people get the value of biodiversity through? s leisure activities such as hiking, observation? No birds or to study natural history. Biol diversity? GICA am inspired? Musicians, painters, sculptors, writers and other artists. Many groups of culture s? themselves as part of the natural world and show respect for dem? s living organisms. M activities? S popular areas such as gardens? To the care of aquariums, and collecting butterflies are strongly dependent on biodiversity. The n? Number of species involved in such activities is in the tens of thousands, although the vast major? To fall outside the dominant mercantilism. Relations between? Original natural areas of these often “ex? Ticos” animals and plants and collectors, suppliers, breeders, propagators and those that promote comprehension? Ny enjoyment are complex and poorly understood. It seems clear, however, that the p? General public responds well to exposure? Na-rare and unusual organisms to recognize their inherent value to a certain level. A family trip to the garden? N bot? Mail or zool? Cal experience is both a est? Or cultural policy, since it is a teacher. Filos? Cally can? To argue that biodiversity has value intr? NSEC est? Tico and spiritual humanity in s? misma.Esta idea can be used as a counterweight to the notion? n of tropical forests and other ecological realms? gicos are s? as worthy of conservation, use, and which may contain drugs or products? tiles. Conclusion? N We can see from the above examples that understandable? N biol diversity? Logic is fundamental to the survival of the planet – no s? The f? Physically but also? N culturally. N? Number of species, threats to biodiversity, the destruction? N h? Habitat, species ex? Policies, the contamination? N gene? Policy, climate change? Tool, and the means of conservation? N be? N discussed in the second part of Dr. Simon Hardingwww serie.El. chronosconsulting. comwww. coberongreen. com